汽車(chē)電工與電子學(xué)基礎(chǔ)

模塊一  直流電路                       1
  任務(wù)1.1  認(rèn)識(shí)電路及基本物理量                       1
    1.1.1  電路的組成                       1
    1.1.2  電路模型                       2
    1.1.3  電路中的幾個(gè)基本物理量                       3
  任務(wù)1.2  認(rèn)識(shí)電路的工作狀態(tài)                       7
    1.2.1  電路的三種工作狀態(tài)                       7
    1.2.2  電氣設(shè)備的額定值                       9
  任務(wù)1.3  了解常用的電路元件                       10
    1.3.1  電阻元件                       10
    1.3.2  電感元件                       13
    1.3.3  電容元件                       16
  任務(wù)1.4  用基爾霍夫定律對(duì)復(fù)雜電路進(jìn)行計(jì)算                       20
    1.4.1  基爾霍夫電流定律（KCL）                       21
    1.4.2  基爾霍夫電壓定律（KVL）                       22
  任務(wù)1.5  了解惠斯通電橋電路及其在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       25
    1.5.1  惠斯通電橋                       26
  *1.5.2  惠斯通電橋的應(yīng)用                       26
  任務(wù)1.6  認(rèn)識(shí)特殊電阻在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       28
    1.6.1  特殊電阻                       29
    1.6.2  霍爾元件                       30
  小結(jié)                       32
  同步訓(xùn)練一                       33
模塊二  正弦交流電路                       35
  任務(wù)2.1  認(rèn)識(shí)交流電                       35
    2.1.1  交流電的基本概念                       35
    2.1.2  表示交流電特征的幾個(gè)物理量                       36
    2.1.3  正弦交流電的三要素                       40
  任務(wù)2.2  學(xué)會(huì)用相量表示正弦交流電                       41
    2.2.1  正弦交流電的表示方法                       41
    2.2.2  正弦交流電的相量表示                       41
  任務(wù)2.3  學(xué)會(huì)單一參數(shù)的正弦交流電路的計(jì)算                       44
    2.3.1  純電阻R電路                       44
    2.3.2  純電感L電路                       45
    2.3.3  純電容C電路                       48
  任務(wù)2.4  認(rèn)識(shí)RLC串聯(lián)電路及串聯(lián)諧振                       50
    2.4.1  RLC串聯(lián)電路                       51
    2.4.2  串聯(lián)諧振                       54
  任務(wù)2.5  了解三相交流電源                       55
    2.5.1  交流發(fā)電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理                       55
    2.5.2  三相電源的連接                       56
  任務(wù)2.6  掌握三相負(fù)載的連接及計(jì)算                       58
    2.6.1  三相負(fù)載的星形連接                       58
    2.6.2  三相負(fù)載的三角形連接                       60
    2.6.3  三相電路的功率                       61
  小結(jié)                       63
  同步訓(xùn)練二                       64
模塊三  磁路及電磁器件                       66
*任務(wù)3.1  認(rèn)識(shí)磁場(chǎng)與電磁感應(yīng)                       66
    3.1.1  磁場(chǎng)的基本物理量                       66
    3.1.2  電磁感應(yīng)                       68
  任務(wù)3.2  了解鐵磁材料的磁性能                       69
    3.2.1  鐵磁材料的磁性能                       69
    3.2.2  鐵磁材料的分類(lèi)                       70
    3.2.3  磁滯損耗和渦流損耗                       71
  任務(wù)3.3  認(rèn)識(shí)磁路及磁路歐姆定律                       72
    3.3.1  磁路、磁動(dòng)勢(shì)、磁阻                       72
    3.3.2  磁路歐姆定律                       73
  任務(wù)3.4  掌握變壓器的計(jì)算                       74
    3.4.1  單相變壓器的結(jié)構(gòu)                       74
    3.4.2  變壓器的工作原理                       75
    3.4.3  變壓器的額定值                       79
  任務(wù)3.5  了解幾種特殊的變壓器                       80
    3.5.1  自耦變壓器                       80
    3.5.2  電流互感器                       81
    3.5.3  汽車(chē)上使用的變壓器                       83
  任務(wù)3.6  電磁鐵及繼電器在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       84
    3.6.1  電磁鐵                       84
    3.6.2  繼電器                       87
  小結(jié)                       90
  同步訓(xùn)練三                       91
模塊四  電動(dòng)機(jī)                       93
  任務(wù)4.1  認(rèn)識(shí)直流電動(dòng)機(jī)                       93
    4.1.1  直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)                       94
    4.1.2  直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理                       95
    4.1.3  給汽車(chē)上使用的直流電動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行分類(lèi)                       97
    4.1.4  分析串勵(lì)式直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的工作特性                       98
  任務(wù)4.2  了解直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的起動(dòng)、制動(dòng)、反轉(zhuǎn)和調(diào)速                       101
    4.2.1  起動(dòng)                       102
    4.2.2  制動(dòng)                       103
    4.2.3  反轉(zhuǎn)                       103
    4.2.4  直流電動(dòng)機(jī)的調(diào)速                       104
  任務(wù)4.3  了解步進(jìn)電機(jī)                       107
    4.3.1  簡(jiǎn)單的反應(yīng)式步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和原理                       108
    4.3.2  認(rèn)識(shí)實(shí)際反應(yīng)式步進(jìn)電動(dòng)機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)                       109
  小結(jié)                       110
  同步訓(xùn)練四                       111
模塊五  汽車(chē)常用儀器儀表的使用                       112
  任務(wù)5.1  掌握兆歐表的使用                       112
    5.1.1  兆歐表的結(jié)構(gòu)及測(cè)量原理                       112
    5.1.2  兆歐表的使用                       114
  任務(wù)5.2  掌握汽車(chē)用數(shù)字萬(wàn)用表的使用                       115
    5.2.1  汽車(chē)用數(shù)字萬(wàn)用表的測(cè)量功能                       115
    5.2.2  汽車(chē)專(zhuān)用數(shù)字表測(cè)量注意事項(xiàng)                       121
  任務(wù)5.3  掌握汽車(chē)專(zhuān)用示波器的使用                       121
    5.3.1  示波器                       121
    5.3.2  VANTAGE-MT2400汽車(chē)示波器的使用                       123
  小結(jié)                       126
  同步訓(xùn)練五                       127
模塊六  模擬電子技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)                       128
  任務(wù)6.1  了解半導(dǎo)體                       128
    6.1.1  半導(dǎo)體材料的導(dǎo)電特性                       128
    6.1.2  PN結(jié)及其特性                       130
  任務(wù)6.2  認(rèn)識(shí)晶體二極管及其應(yīng)用                       132
    6.2.1  二極管的結(jié)構(gòu)與特性                       132
    6.2.2  二極管的主要參數(shù)                       135
    6.2.3  二極管的檢測(cè)                       135
    6.2.4  特殊二極管及其在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       136
  任務(wù)6.3  了解整流電路及濾波電路                       141
    6.3.1  單相橋式全波整流電路                       142
    6.3.2  濾波電路                       144
  任務(wù)6.4  了解硅穩(wěn)壓管穩(wěn)壓電路                       147
    6.4.1  穩(wěn)壓管穩(wěn)壓電路的原理                       147
    6.4.2  硅穩(wěn)壓管穩(wěn)壓電路限流電阻和穩(wěn)壓管的選擇                       148
  任務(wù)6.5  了解晶體三極管及其應(yīng)用                       149
    6.5.1  晶體管的結(jié)構(gòu)與分類(lèi)                       149
    6.5.2  三極管的電流放大作用                       150
    6.5.3  三極管的基本參數(shù)                       153
    6.5.4  晶體三極管的開(kāi)關(guān)電路及其在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       154
  任務(wù)6.6  了解特殊晶體管及其應(yīng)用                       159
    6.6.1  晶閘管                       160
    6.6.2  光電三極管和光電耦合器                       163
*任務(wù)6.7  認(rèn)識(shí)場(chǎng)效應(yīng)管及其應(yīng)用                       164
    6.7.1  場(chǎng)效應(yīng)管簡(jiǎn)介                       164
    6.7.2  場(chǎng)效應(yīng)管放大電路及其應(yīng)用                       166
  任務(wù)6.8  認(rèn)識(shí)集成運(yùn)算放大器                       167
    6.8.1  集成運(yùn)算放大器的組成                       167
    6.8.2  集成運(yùn)算放大器的外形和電路符號(hào)                       168
    6.8.3  由集成運(yùn)放組成的幾種基本放大器電路                       169
    6.8.4  集成運(yùn)放在汽車(chē)電子電路上的應(yīng)用                       173
  任務(wù)6.9  了解常用電壓比較器及其在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       174
    6.9.1  電壓比較器                       174
    6.9.2  幾種典型的電壓比較器                       176
  小結(jié)                       179
  同步訓(xùn)練六                       180
模塊七  數(shù)字電路基礎(chǔ)                       183
  任務(wù)7.1  了解數(shù)字電路基本知識(shí)                       183
    7.1.1  數(shù)字信號(hào)和數(shù)字電路                       183
    7.1.2  數(shù)制和編碼                       184
  任務(wù)7.2  學(xué)會(huì)邏輯代數(shù)的運(yùn)算                       186
    7.2.1  邏輯和邏輯代數(shù)                       186
    7.2.2  三種基本邏輯運(yùn)算                       187
    7.2.3  邏輯代數(shù)的基本運(yùn)算規(guī)則                       188
  任務(wù)7.3  認(rèn)識(shí)基本的邏輯門(mén)電路                       190
    7.3.1  二極管與門(mén)電路                       190
    7.3.2  二極管或門(mén)電路                       191
    7.3.3  三極管非門(mén)電路                       191
    7.3.4  與非門(mén)電路                       192
    7.3.5  或非門(mén)電路                       193
  *7.3.6  異或門(mén)電路                       194
  *7.3.7  與或非門(mén)                       195
  任務(wù)7.4  認(rèn)識(shí)集成邏輯門(mén)電路                       195
    7.4.1  TTL門(mén)電路                       196
    7.4.2  CMOS門(mén)電路                       198
  任務(wù)7.5  了解觸發(fā)器                       200
    7.5.1  RS觸發(fā)器                       200
  *7.5.2  JK觸發(fā)器                       202
  *7.5.3  D觸發(fā)器                       203
  任務(wù)7.6  了解寄存器與計(jì)數(shù)器                       204
    7.6.1  寄存器                       204
    7.6.2  計(jì)數(shù)器                       205
*任務(wù)7.7  數(shù)字電路在汽車(chē)上的應(yīng)用                       208
    7.7.1  非門(mén)在汽車(chē)電子電路中的應(yīng)用                       209
    7.7.2  門(mén)電路在汽車(chē)電子電路中的綜合應(yīng)用                       209
    7.7.3  汽車(chē)用音樂(lè)/語(yǔ)音芯片                       211
    7.7.4  555時(shí)基電路及應(yīng)用                       212
  小結(jié)                       215
  同步訓(xùn)練七                       216
實(shí)驗(yàn)                       218
  實(shí)驗(yàn)一  基爾霍夫定律的驗(yàn)證                       218
  實(shí)驗(yàn)二  三相交流電路中電壓、電流的測(cè)量                       220
  實(shí)驗(yàn)三  萬(wàn)用表的使用                       222
  實(shí)驗(yàn)四  汽車(chē)?yán)^電器的檢測(cè)                       224
  實(shí)驗(yàn)五  LED數(shù)碼管顯示實(shí)驗(yàn)                       226
  實(shí)驗(yàn)六  發(fā)電機(jī)的測(cè)量與拆解檢修                       228
附錄                       235
  附錄A  同步訓(xùn)練答案（部分）                       235
  附錄B  半導(dǎo)體分立器件型號(hào)命令方法                       238
  附錄C  機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)操縱、指示、信號(hào)裝置圖形標(biāo)志                       239
  附錄D  半導(dǎo)體集成電路型號(hào)命名法                       240
參考文獻(xiàn)                       241