第一本Docker書

目錄
第1 章 簡(jiǎn)介····································1 1.1 Docker 簡(jiǎn)介·····························2 1.1.1 提供一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單、輕量的建模方式·························2 1.1.2 職責(zé)的邏輯分離················3 1.1.3 快速、高效的開發(fā)生命周期··3 1.1.4 鼓勵(lì)使用面向服務(wù)的架構(gòu)·····3 1.2 Docker 組件·····························3 1.2.1 Docker 客戶端和服務(wù)器·······4 1.2.2 Docker 鏡像······················4 1.2.3 Registry ···························5 1.2.4 容器·······························5 1.3 我們能用Docker 做什么·············6 1.4 Docker 與配置管理····················7 1.5 Docker 的技術(shù)組件····················8 1.6 本書的內(nèi)容·····························9 1.7 Docker 資源··························· 10 第2 章 安裝Docker ······················· 11 2.1 安裝Docker 的先決條件··········· 12 2.2 在Ubuntu 中安裝Docker ·········· 13 2.2.1 檢查前提條件················· 14 2.2.2 安裝Docker ···················· 16 2.2.3 Docker 與UFW ··············· 17 2.3 在Red Hat 和Red Hat 系發(fā)行版中安裝Docker ···························17 2.3.1 檢查前提條件················· 18 2.3.2 安裝Docker···················· 19 2.3.3 在Red Hat 系發(fā)行版中啟動(dòng)Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程·············· 20 2.4 在OS X 中安裝Boot2Docker ····· 21 2.4.1 在OS X 中安裝Boot2Docker ··················· 21 2.4.2 在OS X 中啟動(dòng)Boot2Docker ··················· 22 2.4.3 測(cè)試Boot2Docker ············ 23 2.5 在Windows 中安裝Boot2Docker 23 2.5.1 在Windows 中安裝Boot2Docker ··················· 23 2.5.2 在Windows 中啟動(dòng)Boot2Docker ··················· 24 2.5.3 測(cè)試Boot2Docker ············ 25 2.6 使用本書的Boot2Docker 示例···· 25 2.7 Docker 安裝腳本····················· 26 2.8 二進(jìn)制安裝··························· 27 2.9 Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程····················· 28 2.9.1 配置Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程······· 28 2.9.2 檢查Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程是否正在運(yùn)行······················· 30 2.10 升級(jí)Docker ························· 31 2.11 Docker 圖形用戶界面············· 31 2.12 小結(jié)··································· 32 第3 章 Docker 入門······················ 33 3.1 確保Docker 已經(jīng)就緒·············· 33 3.2 運(yùn)行我們的第一個(gè)容器············ 34 3.3 使用第一個(gè)容器····················· 36 3.4 容器命名······························ 38 3.5 重新啟動(dòng)已經(jīng)停止的容器·········· 39 3.6 附著到容器上························ 39 3.7 創(chuàng)建守護(hù)式容器····················· 40 3.8 容器內(nèi)部都在干些什么············ 41 3.9 查看容器內(nèi)的進(jìn)程·················· 42 3.10 在容器內(nèi)部運(yùn)行進(jìn)程·············· 43 3.11 停止守護(hù)式容器···················· 44 3.12 自動(dòng)重啟容器······················· 44 3.13 深入容器····························· 45 3.14 刪除容器····························· 46 3.15 小結(jié)··································· 47 第4 章 使用Docker 鏡像和倉(cāng)庫(kù)······· 49 4.1 什么是Docker 鏡像················· 49 4.2 列出鏡像······························ 51 4.3 拉取鏡像······························ 54 4.4 查找鏡像······························ 56 4.5 構(gòu)建鏡像······························ 57 4.5.1 創(chuàng)建Docker Hub 賬號(hào)······· 58 4.5.2 用Docker 的commit 命令創(chuàng)建鏡像······················· 59 4.5.3 用Dockerfile構(gòu)建鏡像······················· 61 4.5.4 基于Dockerfile構(gòu)建新鏡像····················· 64 4.5.5 指令失敗時(shí)會(huì)怎樣············ 66 4.5.6 Dockerfile 和構(gòu)建緩存·· 67 4.5.7 基于構(gòu)建緩存的Dockerfile模板····························· 67 4.5.8 查看新鏡像···················· 68 4.5.9 從新鏡像啟動(dòng)容器··········· 69 4.5.10 Dockerfile 指令········· 72 4.6 將鏡像推送到Docker Hub········· 83 4.7 刪除鏡像······························ 88 4.8 運(yùn)行自己的Docker Registry······· 90 4.8.1 從容器運(yùn)行Registry ········· 90 4.8.2 測(cè)試新Registry ··············· 91 4.9 其他可選Registry 服務(wù)············· 92 4.10 小結(jié)··································· 92 第5 章 在測(cè)試中使用Docker··········· 93 5.1 使用Docker 測(cè)試靜態(tài)網(wǎng)站········ 93 5.1.1 Sample 網(wǎng)站的初始Dockerfile ················· 94 5.1.2 構(gòu)建Sample 網(wǎng)站和Nginx鏡像····························· 96 5.1.3 從Sample 網(wǎng)站和Nginx 鏡像構(gòu)建容器······················· 97 5.1.4 修改網(wǎng)站······················ 100 5.2 使用Docker 構(gòu)建并測(cè)試Web應(yīng)用程序·············································· 101 5.2.1 構(gòu)建Sinatra 應(yīng)用程序······ 101 5.2.2 創(chuàng)建Sinatra 容器············ 102 5.2.3 構(gòu)建Redis 鏡像和容器····· 104 5.2.4 連接到Redis 容器··········· 106 5.2.5 連接Redis····················· 108 5.2.6 讓Docker 容器互連········· 110 5.2.7 使用容器連接來(lái)通信······· 114 5.3 Docker 用于持續(xù)集成·············· 116 5.3.1 構(gòu)建Jenkins 和Docker服務(wù)器························· 117 5.3.2 創(chuàng)建新的Jenkins 作業(yè)······121 5.3.3 運(yùn)行Jenkins 作業(yè)············124 5.3.4 與Jenkins 作業(yè)有關(guān)的下一步·························126 5.3.5 Jenkins 設(shè)置小結(jié)·············126 5.4 多配置的Jenkins····················126 5.4.1 創(chuàng)建多配置作業(yè)·············126 5.4.2 測(cè)試多配置作業(yè)·············130 5.4.3 Jenkins 多配置作業(yè)小結(jié)····132 5.5 其他選擇·····························132 5.5.1 Drone ···························132 5.5.2 Shippable ······················132 5.6 小結(jié)···································132 第6 章 使用Docker 構(gòu)建服務(wù)·········133 6.1 構(gòu)建第一個(gè)應(yīng)用····················133 6.1.1 Jekyll 基礎(chǔ)鏡像···············134 6.1.2 構(gòu)建Jekyll 基礎(chǔ)鏡像········135 6.1.3 Apache 鏡像···················135 6.1.4 構(gòu)建Jekylll Apache 鏡像···136 6.1.5 啟動(dòng)Jekylll 網(wǎng)站·············137 6.1.6 更新Jekyll 網(wǎng)站··············140 6.1.7 備份Jekyll 卷·················141 6.1.8 擴(kuò)展Jekyll 示例網(wǎng)站········142 6.2 使用Docker 構(gòu)建一個(gè)Java應(yīng)用服務(wù)·····························143 6.2.1 WAR 文件的獲取器·········143 6.2.2 獲取WAR 文件··············144 6.2.3 Tomecat7 應(yīng)用服務(wù)器·······145 6.2.4 運(yùn)行WAR 文件··············146 6.2.5 基于Tomcat 應(yīng)用服務(wù)器的構(gòu)建服務(wù)······················147 6.3 多容器的應(yīng)用?！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?50 6.3.1 Node.js 鏡像··················150 6.3.2 Redis 基礎(chǔ)鏡像··············· 153 6.3.3 Redis 主鏡像·················· 154 6.3.4 Redis 從鏡像·················· 155 6.3.5 創(chuàng)建Redis 后端集群········ 156 6.3.6 創(chuàng)建Node 容器·············· 160 6.3.7 捕獲應(yīng)用日志················ 161 6.3.8 Node 程序棧的小結(jié)········· 164 6.4 不使用SSH 管理Docker 容器··· 164 6.5 小結(jié)··································· 166 第7 章 使用Fig 編配Docker·········· 167 7.1 Fig ····································· 168 7.1.1 安裝Fig ······················· 168 7.1.2 獲取示例應(yīng)用················ 169 7.1.3 fig.yml 文件··············· 172 7.1.4 運(yùn)行Fig ······················· 173 7.1.5 使用Fig ······················· 175 7.1.6 Fig 小結(jié)······················· 178 7.2 Consul、服務(wù)發(fā)現(xiàn)和Docker ····· 178 7.2.1 構(gòu)建Consul 鏡像············ 179 7.2.2 在本地測(cè)試Consul 容器··· 182 7.2.3 使用Docker 運(yùn)行Consul集群···························· 184 7.2.4 啟動(dòng)具有自啟動(dòng)功能的Consul 節(jié)點(diǎn)··················· 186 7.2.5 啟動(dòng)其余節(jié)點(diǎn)················ 188 7.2.6 配合Consul，在Docker里運(yùn)行一個(gè)分布式服務(wù)···· 193 7.3 其他編配工具和組件·············· 201 7.3.1 Fleet 和etcd··················· 202 7.3.2 Kubernetes····················· 202 7.3.3 Apache Mesos················· 202 7.3.4 Helios ·························· 202 7.3.5 Centurion ······················ 203 7.3.6 Libswarm ······················203 7.4 小結(jié)···································203 第8 章 使用Docker API ················205 8.1 Docker API ···························205 8.2 初識(shí)Remote API····················206 8.3 測(cè)試Docker Remote API ··········207 8.3.1 通過(guò)API 來(lái)管理Docker鏡像····························208 8.3.2 通過(guò)API 管理Docker容器····························211 8.4 改進(jìn)TProv 應(yīng)用····················213 8.5 對(duì)Docker Remote API 進(jìn)行認(rèn)證··217 8.5.1 建立證書授權(quán)中心···········218 8.5.2 創(chuàng)建服務(wù)器的證書簽名請(qǐng)求和密鑰·························220 8.5.3 配置Docker 守護(hù)進(jìn)程······222 8.5.4 創(chuàng)建客戶端證書和秘鑰·····223 8.5.5 配置Docker 客戶端開啟認(rèn)證功能······················224 8.6 小結(jié)···································226 第9 章 獲得幫助和對(duì)Docker進(jìn)行改進(jìn)··························· 227 9.1 獲得幫助····························· 227 9.1.1 Docker 用戶和開發(fā)郵件列表······················ 228 9.1.2 IRC 上的Docker ············· 228 9.1.3 GitHub 上的Docker ········· 228 9.2 報(bào)告Docker 的問題················ 229 9.3 搭建構(gòu)建環(huán)境······················· 229 9.3.1 安裝Docker··················· 229 9.3.2 安裝源代碼和構(gòu)建工具···· 229 9.3.3 檢出源代碼··················· 230 9.3.4 貢獻(xiàn)文檔······················ 230 9.3.5 構(gòu)建開發(fā)環(huán)境················ 231 9.3.6 運(yùn)行測(cè)試······················ 232 9.3.7 在開發(fā)環(huán)境中使用Docker··· 233 9.3.8 發(fā)起pull request ············· 234 9.3.9 批準(zhǔn)合并和維護(hù)者·········· 236 9.4 小結(jié)··································· 236