大數(shù)據(jù)可視化

項(xiàng)目1　數(shù)據(jù)可視化之美.................................................................................1
任務(wù)1.1　了解大數(shù)據(jù)可視化 .................................................................................1
【導(dǎo)讀案例】南丁格爾“極區(qū)圖” .................................................................1
【任務(wù)描述】 .................................................................................................3
【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】什么是數(shù)據(jù)可視化 ....................................................................3
1.1.1　數(shù)據(jù)是什么 ........................................................................................... 3
1.1.2　數(shù)據(jù)與圖形 ........................................................................................... 7
1.1.3　實(shí)時(shí)可視化 ......................................................................................... 10
1.1.4　數(shù)據(jù)可視化的運(yùn)用 ............................................................................. 11
1.1.5　可視化分析與編程工具 ..................................................................... 15
【作業(yè)】 ......................................................................................................18
【實(shí)訓(xùn)操作】制作美麗的Excel 南丁格爾極區(qū)圖 .........................................20
項(xiàng)目2　Excel 數(shù)據(jù)可視化............................................................................25
任務(wù)2.1　Excel 數(shù)據(jù)可視化的方法 ......................................................................25
【導(dǎo)讀案例】亞馬孫叢林的變遷 ..................................................................25
【任務(wù)描述】 ...............................................................................................27
【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】Excel 的函數(shù)與圖表處理功能 .................................................27
2.1.1　函數(shù)與圖表 ......................................................................................... 27
2.1.2　整理數(shù)據(jù)源 ......................................................................................... 32
2.1.3　數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)中的常見統(tǒng)計(jì)量 ................................................................. 37
2.1.4　改變數(shù)據(jù)形式引起的圖表變化 ......................................................... 41
【作業(yè)】 ......................................................................................................43
【實(shí)訓(xùn)操作】體驗(yàn)Excel 數(shù)據(jù)可視化方法 ....................................................44
任務(wù)2.2　Excel 數(shù)據(jù)可視化運(yùn)用 .........................................................................44
【導(dǎo)讀案例】包羅一切的數(shù)字圖書館 ...........................................................44
【任務(wù)描述】 ...............................................................................................49
【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】Excel 的統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表繪制 ............................................................49
2.2.1　直方圖：對比關(guān)系 ............................................................................. 49
2.2.2　折線圖：按時(shí)間或類別顯示趨勢 ..................................................... 53
2.2.3　餅圖：部分占總體的比例 ................................................................. 56
2.2.4　散點(diǎn)圖：表示分布狀態(tài) ..................................................................... 59
2.2.5　側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同的特殊圖表 ..................................................................... 61
【作業(yè)】 ......................................................................................................65
【實(shí)訓(xùn)操作】熟悉數(shù)據(jù)圖表的分析功能 .......................................................66
項(xiàng)目3　數(shù)據(jù)引導(dǎo)可視化設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................68
任務(wù)3.1　數(shù)據(jù)可視化設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................68
【導(dǎo)讀案例】拿破侖東征莫斯科及撤退 .......................................................68
【任務(wù)描述】 ...............................................................................................71
【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】數(shù)據(jù)可視化設(shè)計(jì)方法 ...............................................................72
3.1.1　可視化對認(rèn)知的幫助 ......................................................................... 72
3.1.2　新的數(shù)據(jù)研究方法 ............................................................................. 74
3.1.3　信息圖形和展示 ................................................................................. 76
3.1.4　走進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)藝術(shù)的世界 ......................................................................... 76
3.1.5　掌握可視化設(shè)計(jì)組件 ......................................................................... 77
【作業(yè)】 ......................................................................................................83
【實(shí)訓(xùn)操作】熟悉大數(shù)據(jù)可視化的領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)Tableau ...................................84
任務(wù)3.2　數(shù)據(jù)可視化過程 ...................................................................................86
【導(dǎo)讀案例】關(guān)于泰坦尼克號的“鑲嵌圖” ................................................86
【任務(wù)描述】 ...............................................................................................88
【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】數(shù)據(jù)可視化設(shè)計(jì)過程 ...............................................................88
3.2.1　分析數(shù)據(jù)，指導(dǎo)視覺探索 ................................................................. 88
3.2.2　分類數(shù)據(jù)的可視化 ............................................................................. 91
3.2.3　時(shí)序數(shù)據(jù)的可視化 ............................................................................. 93
3.2.4　空間數(shù)據(jù)的可視化 ............................................................................. 95
3.2.5　讓可視化設(shè)計(jì)更清晰 ......................................................................... 95
【作業(yè)】 ......................................................................................................99
【實(shí)訓(xùn)操作】繪制新的泰坦尼克事件“鑲嵌圖” .........................................99
任務(wù)3.3　數(shù)據(jù)可視化組織 .................................................................................100
【導(dǎo)讀案例】得克薩斯州大學(xué)體系的透明化 ..............................................100
【任務(wù)描述】 .............................................................................................102
【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的可視化組織 .........................................................102
Ⅱ
大數(shù)據(jù)可視化
3.3.1　什么是數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng) ............................................................................... 103
3.3.2　新的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境 ............................................................................... 103
3.3.3　可視化組織的四層架構(gòu) ................................................................... 106
3.3.4　建立可視化組織 ............................................................................... 108
【作業(yè)】