四七、威爾遜連任總統(tǒng)演說(shuō)詞要旨

下所載為昨日威爾遜第二任總統(tǒng)就職演說(shuō)詞中之要旨。

We stand firm in armed neutrality, since it seems that in no other way we can demonstrate what it is we insist upon and cannot iorego. We may even be drawn on, by circumstances, not by our own purpose or desire, to a more active assertion of our rights as we see them and a more immediate association with the great struggle itself.

We are Drovincials no longer. The tragical events of the thirty months of vital turmoil through which we have just passed have made us citizens of the world. There can be no turning hack, our own fortunes as a nation are involved, whether we would have it so or not.

And yet we are not the less Americans on that account. We shall be the more American if we but remain true to the principles in which we have been bred. They are not the principles of a province or of a single continent. We have known and boasted all along that they were the principles of a liberated mankind. These, therefore, are the things we shall stand for, whether in war or in peace:

That all nations are equally interested in the peace of the world and in the political stability of free peoples, and equally responsible for their maintenance.

That the essential principle of peace is the actual equality of nations in all matters of right or privilege.

That peace cannot securely or justly rest upon an armed balance of powar.

That Governments derive all their just powers from the consent of the governed and that no other powers should be supported by the common thought, purpose, or power of the family of nations.

That the seas should be equally free and safe for the use of all peoples, under rules set up by common agreement and consent, and that, so far as practicable, they should be accessible to all upon equal terms.

That national armaments should be limited to the necessities of national order and domestic safety.

That the community of interest and of power upon which peace must henceforth depend imposes upon each nation the duty of seeing to it that all influences proceeding from its own citizens meant to encourage or assist revolution in other states should be sternly and effectually suppressed and prevented.

〔中譯〕

我們堅(jiān)決采取武裝中立的立場(chǎng)，因?yàn)樯岽艘酝馕覀儫o(wú)法表達(dá)什么是我們所要堅(jiān)持和不能放棄的東西。也許并非出于我們自身的目的和愿望，而是客觀情勢(shì)迫使我們更為主動(dòng)地表明我們的立場(chǎng)，因?yàn)槲覀円褟拇髴?zhàn)本身聯(lián)想到并清楚地意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)。

我們不再是獨(dú)居一隅。剛剛過(guò)去的三十個(gè)月大混亂的悲慘經(jīng)歷，已使我們成為世界公民。歷史不可能后退。不論我們是否情愿，吾國(guó)之命運(yùn)已經(jīng)卷入其中了。

但我們并不因此而減少我們作為美國(guó)人的特點(diǎn)，只要我們永遠(yuǎn)對(duì)那些我們?cè)?jīng)深受教誨的原則保持忠誠(chéng)，我們的美國(guó)特色將有增無(wú)減。這些原則不是某個(gè)省或某個(gè)洲所獨(dú)有的。我們一直認(rèn)同和鼓吹它們是人類(lèi)解放的原則。因此，不管是在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間還是和平時(shí)期，這些原則都是我們必須予以堅(jiān)持的：

世界各國(guó)對(duì)世界和平和自由民族的政治穩(wěn)定同樣地感興趣，并對(duì)各自的主張同樣地負(fù)責(zé)。

和平原則的精髄在于各國(guó)對(duì)一切事務(wù)之權(quán)利享有實(shí)際的平等。

不能借助武裝力量的平衡以安全、公正地獲得和平。

政府之權(quán)力生于被治者之承認(rèn)。在這個(gè)世界大家庭中，各國(guó)不必服從于同一種思想、目的或共同之權(quán)威。

在遵守公約規(guī)定的準(zhǔn)則下，各國(guó)人民可平等地、自由地、安全地使用海洋，并在相等條件下能實(shí)際進(jìn)入海洋。

各國(guó)軍備應(yīng)被限制在足夠維持國(guó)內(nèi)秩序和安全的限度內(nèi)。

和平賴(lài)以建立的利益與權(quán)力之一致，要求各國(guó)承擔(dān)這樣的責(zé)任：即對(duì)出自其國(guó)民的任何旨在鼓動(dòng)和支持別國(guó)革命的所有影響，應(yīng)堅(jiān)決有效地加以壓制和阻止。